We are grateful to Professor Burkhard Hess (Heidelberg) for the following remarks on the German preliminary reference in case C- 491/10 PPU (Andrea Aguirre Pelz): Mutual Recognition and Fundamental Rights Case C-491/10PPU – Andrea Aguirre Pelz An important preliminary reference has recently reached the ECJ’s dockets: In the case C-491/10PPU the Higher Regional Court of Celle referred to Luxemburg the following questions: Where the judgment to be enforced issued in the Member… [read post]

Second, some doubts arose regarding an ipso iure revival of the original Brussels Convention of 1968,[18] the international treaty concluded on the occasion of EU membership and later replaced by the Brussels I Regulation when the EU acquired the respective competence under the Treaty of Amsterdam.[19] Notwithstanding the interesting jurisprudential debate, these speculations were effectively put to a halt in legal practice by a clarifying letter of the UK Mission to the European… [read post]

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Contingent Worker Supplement estimates that about 10.1 percent of workers are in “alternative work arrangements,”[6] which is lower than the estimate of about 36 percent found in a survey conducted by Freelancing in America.[7] Some of this disagreement is explained by how surveys define freelance work and whether occasional freelancers are included in the surveys.[8] Of the broader pool of freelance workers, about 4.5 percent of households… [read post]