See also Black’s Law Dictionary (6th ed. 1990) (“Intent to defraud means an intention to deceive another person, and to induce such other person, in reliance upon such deception, to assume, create, transfer, alter or terminate a right, obligation or power …”); Carpenter v. [read post]

The initial mechanisms for raw milk contamination with pathogens are the same whether the milk is destined to be consumed raw, or pasteurized: • Mastitis and shedding of the pathogen directly from the cow’s udder into the milk • Entry of manure or dirt into the milk during the milking process • Transfer of pathogens by vectors if they come in contact with the raw milk (for example, flies may carry pathogens on their legs and mouthparts) • Human… [read post]

One of the paradigm examples of “continuity v. change” in The Innovator’s Dilemma, and the example whose aftermath I’ve witnessed for the last 20 years, is the integrated structural steel industry in the US, headquartered in Pittsburgh. [read post]