Ass’n Internal Med. 1118 (2021); Nicole Shu Ling Yeo-Teh & Bor Luen Tang, “Sustained Rise in Retractions in the Life Sciences Literature during the Pandemic Years 2020 and 2021,” 10 Publications 29 (2022). [4] Elizabeth Wager & Peter Williams, “Why and how do journals retract articles? [read post]

Academic freedom -- United States ACADEMIC FREEDOM AND THE LAW: A COMPARATIVE STUDY / ERIC BARENDT Oxford; Portland, Or. : Hart Pub., 2010 K3755 .B37 2010 See Catalog Affirmative action programs -- Law and legislation -- United States AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN ANTIDISCRIMINATION LAW AND POLICY / WILLIAM M. [read post]

Almost 40 years ago, Jacob Cohen showed that dichotomization of continuous variables results in a loss of power.[15] Twenty years later, Peter Austin showed in a Monte Carlo simulation that categorizing a continuous variable in a logistic regression results in inflating the rate of finding false positive associations.[16] The type I (false-positive) error rates increases with sample size, with increasing correlation between the confounding variable and outcome of interest, and the number of… [read post]

Michal Freedman, and Leon Gordis, “Reference Guide on Epidemiology,” in Federal Judicial Center, Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence 549, 612 (Wash., DC 3d ed., 2011). [read post]